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Multimodal Internal Waves Generated over a Subcritical Ridge: Impact of the Upper-Ocean Stratification

Description: 
Interaction of barotropic tides with subsurface topography is vital to ocean mixing. Yet the behavior of large-amplitude, nonlinear, internal solitary waves (ISWs) that can cause strong mixing remains poorly understood, especially that of higher-mode and multimodal internal waves. Therefore, a 2.5-dimensional, nonhydrostatic model with adjustable vertical resolution was developed to investigate effects of upper-ocean stratification on tidally induced multimodal internal waves and to show how they are generated by the subcritical ridge where only upward-propagating internal wave beams (IWBs) are present. The effects of the stratification on properties and characteristics of the excited IWBs and on the energy partition of the radiated mode-1 and mode-2 internal waves were investigated based on the model results. Higher modes of internal waves can also be effectively generated in the IWBs by the subcritical topography, and the contribution to IWBs from higher modes increases with the upper-ocean stratification. Mode-2 ISWs can be excited from the IWBs if both the tidal Froude number and the contribution to IWBs from mode-2 waves are sufficiently high ( U0 is the tidal current speed, and c2 is the phase speed of mode-2 waves). In a moderately stratified upper ocean, both mode-1 and mode-2 ISWs can be produced, but for weak (strong) stratification, only mode-1 (mode-2) ISWs are generated. Further, it is found that the distance between two successive mode-1 or mode-2 ISW trains increases linearly with the upper-ocean stratification. The ratio of the kinetic energy to the available potential energy for the mode-2 ISWs increases with the upper-ocean stratification in a strongly stratified ocean.
Record Format: 
application/pdf
2015-03-01T08:00:00Z
Subject: 
Internal waves
Tides -- Remote sensing
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Hydraulic Engineering
Type: 
text
Raw Url: 
http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/do/oai/?metadataPrefix=&verb=GetRecord&identifier=oai:pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu:cengin_fac-1305
Source: 
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Repository Record Id: 
oai:pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu:cengin_fac-1305
SetSpec: 
publication:communities
publication:mcecs
publication:cengin_fac
publication:cengin
Record Title: 
Multimodal Internal Waves Generated over a Subcritical Ridge: Impact of the Upper-Ocean Stratification
https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cengin_fac/292
info:doi/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0132.1
https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/cengin_fac/article/1305/viewcontent/jay_Multimodal_Internal_Waves.pdf
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