The development of non-toxic, biodegradable vegetable oils as alternatives to petroleum derived quenchants and their influence on residual stresses and dimensional changes of AISI 4140 and AISI H13 modified...

Vegetable and animal oils as a class of fluids have been used for hundreds of years, if not longer, as quenchants for hardening steel. However, when petroleum oils became available in the late 1800s and early...

Although petroleum oils continue to be the dominant type of basestock for the formulation of vaporizable quenchants, there is increasing pressure to identify an alternative basestock to address the limitations...

Recent studies suggest that integration of photovoltaic panels with green roofs may improve the performance of both. While vegetation may provide a benefit by reducing the net radiation load on the underside of...